1. To what did Roosevelt and Churchill agree early in the war?
Roosevelt and Churchill agreed early in the war to first strike Hitler, since Churchill believed that Germany and Italy posed a greater threat then japan.
2. Why was winning the Battle of the Atlantic so crucial to the fortunes of the Allies?
Winning the Battle of the Atlantic was very crucial to the fortunes of the allies because their ships were used to carry food and war supplies across the Atlantic. great Britain had greatly depended on these supplies and if Germany were to successfully win the battle of the Atlantic, Britain would starve to submission.
3. Why was the Battle of Stalingrad so important?
The battle of Stalingrad was so important because Germany had complete control of the situation and they invaded Stalingrad. They were taking homes down one by one, and by the end of September they had control over nine-tenth of the city. but when the soviet union came in there was a huge turn around and they were in control. They victory was marked as a turning point in the war and the soviets began to move westward towards Germany.
4. What happened in the war in North Africa?
In the war in north Africa, allied troops landed in Casablanca, Oran, and Algiers in North America in the hopes of launching an operation launch. From there they sped eastward, chasing the afrika Korps led by general Erwin Rommel, the legendary desert fox. After months of heavy fighting, the last of the afrika korps surrendered in may 1943
5. What happened after the Allies invaded Italy?
After the allies invaded Italy, the Italian government forced their dictator, Mussolini, to be removed as their dictator and he was arrested. Although the the Germans unfortunately remained in Italy and tried to fight off the allies for a long time.
Monday, March 8, 2010
Sunday, March 7, 2010
Mobilizing for WWII.
Read Chapter 25-1: Mobilizing for War and note how each of the following contributed to that effort.
1. Selective Service System
-expanding the draft and providing another 10 million soldiers to meet the armed forces needs.
2. Women
women contributed by working as nurses, ambulence drivers, radio operators, electricians, and piolets. They worked doing every duty except direct combat.
3. Minorities
-more than 300 000 mexican americans joined the armed forces, about one million african americans served in the military, more than 13000 chinese americans joined the armed forces, 33000 jaoanese american put on uniforms and several thousand of them volunteered to serve as spies and intererpretes in the pacific war. and 25000 native americans enlisted in the armed services, including 800 women.
4. Manufacturers
-across the nation many factories were converting to war production. a maker of mechanical pencils turned out bomb parts, and a bedspread manufacturer made a mosquito netting, and a soft drtink company converted from filling bottles with liquid to filling shells with explosives.
5. Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD)
-this spurred improbements in radar and sonar, new technologies for locating submarines underwater, and encourages the use of pesticides to fight insects which resulted in the u.s soldiers probably being the first in history to be relativly free from body lice.
6. Entertainment industry
-in the aftermath of pearl harbor, hollywood churned out waroriented propoganda films. these movies energized people to join the war effort.
7. Office of Price Administration (OPA)
this fought inflation by freezing prices on most goods, the government encourages americans to use their extra cash to buy war bongs. also, they set up a system for rationing.
8. War Production Board (WPB)
-this decided which companies would convert from peacetime to wartime production and allocated raw materials to key industries. they also organized drives to collect scrap iron, tin cans, paper, rags, and cooking fat for recycling into war goods.
9. Rationing
-this was a sustem that helped buy scarce goods such as meat, shoes, sugar, coffee, and gasoline. most americans accepted rationing as a person contribution to the war efforts. workers carpooled or rode bikes.
1. Selective Service System
-expanding the draft and providing another 10 million soldiers to meet the armed forces needs.
2. Women
women contributed by working as nurses, ambulence drivers, radio operators, electricians, and piolets. They worked doing every duty except direct combat.
3. Minorities
-more than 300 000 mexican americans joined the armed forces, about one million african americans served in the military, more than 13000 chinese americans joined the armed forces, 33000 jaoanese american put on uniforms and several thousand of them volunteered to serve as spies and intererpretes in the pacific war. and 25000 native americans enlisted in the armed services, including 800 women.
4. Manufacturers
-across the nation many factories were converting to war production. a maker of mechanical pencils turned out bomb parts, and a bedspread manufacturer made a mosquito netting, and a soft drtink company converted from filling bottles with liquid to filling shells with explosives.
5. Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD)
-this spurred improbements in radar and sonar, new technologies for locating submarines underwater, and encourages the use of pesticides to fight insects which resulted in the u.s soldiers probably being the first in history to be relativly free from body lice.
6. Entertainment industry
-in the aftermath of pearl harbor, hollywood churned out waroriented propoganda films. these movies energized people to join the war effort.
7. Office of Price Administration (OPA)
this fought inflation by freezing prices on most goods, the government encourages americans to use their extra cash to buy war bongs. also, they set up a system for rationing.
8. War Production Board (WPB)
-this decided which companies would convert from peacetime to wartime production and allocated raw materials to key industries. they also organized drives to collect scrap iron, tin cans, paper, rags, and cooking fat for recycling into war goods.
9. Rationing
-this was a sustem that helped buy scarce goods such as meat, shoes, sugar, coffee, and gasoline. most americans accepted rationing as a person contribution to the war efforts. workers carpooled or rode bikes.
Thursday, March 4, 2010
Japan and U.S. relations in 1941
Document A
-By seizing the South, we can also strike a heavy blow at Americas source of strategic materials.
-We should be able to defeat America and English.
-If Engliand falls, America should reconsider her position.
Document B
-3 men are holding a paper that says "pacific situation" and a little chineese man is running around them in a circle.
Document C
-The U.S. has gone ahead and presented this humiliating proposal which was unexpected and extremely regrettable.
-with a report of the views of the Imperial Government on this American proposal, the negotiation will be ended.
-The united states has been unbending, making it impossible for japan to establish negotiations.
Document D
-Tojos majesty has reached a decision to commence hostilities, they must strive to repay the obligations and bring the gov and military closer then ever.
Document E
-The United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.
-the u.s was at peace with the nation
-One hour after Japanese air squadrons had commenced bombing in Oahu, the Japanese Ambassador delivered to the Secretary of State a formal reply to a recent American message.
-the message contained no threat or hint of war or armed attack.
-The distance from Hawaii to Japan makes it obvious that the attack was deliberately planned many days or even weeks before
-By seizing the South, we can also strike a heavy blow at Americas source of strategic materials.
-We should be able to defeat America and English.
-If Engliand falls, America should reconsider her position.
Document B
-3 men are holding a paper that says "pacific situation" and a little chineese man is running around them in a circle.
Document C
-The U.S. has gone ahead and presented this humiliating proposal which was unexpected and extremely regrettable.
-with a report of the views of the Imperial Government on this American proposal, the negotiation will be ended.
-The united states has been unbending, making it impossible for japan to establish negotiations.
Document D
-Tojos majesty has reached a decision to commence hostilities, they must strive to repay the obligations and bring the gov and military closer then ever.
Document E
-The United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.
-the u.s was at peace with the nation
-One hour after Japanese air squadrons had commenced bombing in Oahu, the Japanese Ambassador delivered to the Secretary of State a formal reply to a recent American message.
-the message contained no threat or hint of war or armed attack.
-The distance from Hawaii to Japan makes it obvious that the attack was deliberately planned many days or even weeks before
Monday, March 1, 2010
america moves towards war
1. What did the 1939 Neutrality Act allow?
the 1939 neutrality act allowed the crash and carry which allowed nations to buy goods from the us as long as they payed in cash and could transport them
2. Who were the Axis powers?
Germany, Italy, japan.
3. What did the Lend-Lease Act do?
the Lend-Lease act could make it so the president would lend or lease arms and other supplies to any country whose defense was vital to the united states.
4. What pledges were contained in the Atlantic Charter?
the pledges were contained in the Atlantic charter were collective security, disarmament, self determination, economic cooperation, and freedom of seas
5. Who were the Allies?
the allies were the nations that fought axis powers(Germany, Italy, japan)
6. What did the attack at Pearl Harbor do to the U.s. Pacific fleet?
the attack at pearl harbor sunk/damaged 21 ships, including 8 battleships, nearly the whole u.s fleet.. these losses consituted greater damage than the u.s navy had suffered in WWI
7. Why did Germany and Italy declare war on the U.S.?
German and Italy declared war on the US because Roosevelts request for a deceleration of war againse japan was approved.
the 1939 neutrality act allowed the crash and carry which allowed nations to buy goods from the us as long as they payed in cash and could transport them
2. Who were the Axis powers?
Germany, Italy, japan.
3. What did the Lend-Lease Act do?
the Lend-Lease act could make it so the president would lend or lease arms and other supplies to any country whose defense was vital to the united states.
4. What pledges were contained in the Atlantic Charter?
the pledges were contained in the Atlantic charter were collective security, disarmament, self determination, economic cooperation, and freedom of seas
5. Who were the Allies?
the allies were the nations that fought axis powers(Germany, Italy, japan)
6. What did the attack at Pearl Harbor do to the U.s. Pacific fleet?
the attack at pearl harbor sunk/damaged 21 ships, including 8 battleships, nearly the whole u.s fleet.. these losses consituted greater damage than the u.s navy had suffered in WWI
7. Why did Germany and Italy declare war on the U.S.?
German and Italy declared war on the US because Roosevelts request for a deceleration of war againse japan was approved.
Sunday, February 28, 2010
isolationism, and FDR(1935-41)
1. What were the goals of the isolationists? Why is "isolationism" a misleading term?
The goals of the isolationist- were to not be drawn into the war and fighting in it. They wanted to be connected with the world but with things like trade.
Isolation- is a misleading term because when you think of isolation you think of being cut off from the world and everything, but in this case, they didn't want it to be fully isolated from the world, but to stay out of war
2. What did some isolationists feel that there was no need for Americans to feel threatened by developments in Europe and Asia?
some isolationist felt that where was no need for Americans to feel threatened by developments in Europe and Asia because America was separated from them by the Pacific and Atlantic oceans.
3. What were the purposes of the Nye Committee hearings?
The purposes of the Nye Committee hearings was to find out why the United States fought in WWI
4. List two impressions that the Nye Committee hearings created.
-a impression that made Americans believe that big business would drag them into a another war
-a impression that American soldiers died in WWI because coronations looking to turn a profit convinces president Wilson to go into war in 1917
5. What were the purposes of the Neutrality Acts?
the purposes of the neutrality acts were to prevent countries who were fighting in the war to be supplied with weapons by big business's
6. List two reasons that some Americans considered Roosevelt's leadership radical and dangerous.
he changed the gov with the new deal
and he tried to pack the supreme court
7. What was "Cash and Carry"?
the cash and carry allowed other countries to buy supplies from the united state only if they payed in cash and could transport it themselves
8. Why did President Roosevelt freeze Japanese assets in the United States?
President Roosevelt froze Japanese assets in the united states because japan was invading the colonies in the European countries
9. What was the purpose of the America First Committee?
the porpoise of the America first committee was to prevent the unites states from going to war with japan and Germany
The goals of the isolationist- were to not be drawn into the war and fighting in it. They wanted to be connected with the world but with things like trade.
Isolation- is a misleading term because when you think of isolation you think of being cut off from the world and everything, but in this case, they didn't want it to be fully isolated from the world, but to stay out of war
2. What did some isolationists feel that there was no need for Americans to feel threatened by developments in Europe and Asia?
some isolationist felt that where was no need for Americans to feel threatened by developments in Europe and Asia because America was separated from them by the Pacific and Atlantic oceans.
3. What were the purposes of the Nye Committee hearings?
The purposes of the Nye Committee hearings was to find out why the United States fought in WWI
4. List two impressions that the Nye Committee hearings created.
-a impression that made Americans believe that big business would drag them into a another war
-a impression that American soldiers died in WWI because coronations looking to turn a profit convinces president Wilson to go into war in 1917
5. What were the purposes of the Neutrality Acts?
the purposes of the neutrality acts were to prevent countries who were fighting in the war to be supplied with weapons by big business's
6. List two reasons that some Americans considered Roosevelt's leadership radical and dangerous.
he changed the gov with the new deal
and he tried to pack the supreme court
7. What was "Cash and Carry"?
the cash and carry allowed other countries to buy supplies from the united state only if they payed in cash and could transport it themselves
8. Why did President Roosevelt freeze Japanese assets in the United States?
President Roosevelt froze Japanese assets in the united states because japan was invading the colonies in the European countries
9. What was the purpose of the America First Committee?
the porpoise of the America first committee was to prevent the unites states from going to war with japan and Germany
Tuesday, February 23, 2010
World Events Set Stage for Isolationism
1. What was the Japanese reaction to the Treaty of Versailles? (pgs. 4 - 5)
The Japanese reaction to the Treaty of Versailles was that they wanted to support the international system as means of obtain the natural resources and markets its growing economy needed. many feared that the League of nations would make japan a second power and the Japanese weer discriminated against.
2. Read the pull-out box on page 4 entitled, "Japan Becomes a Great Power." Cite specific evidence Japan was becoming a strong power that rivaled European & American interests. And, why specifically was Japan threatened by U.S. actions?
Japan was becoming a great power because their economy was growing rapidly, the military was growing rapidly too. Japan made a navy like Britain's, banks like the us and a army like Prussia's. Jap also beat Russia in the Russo-Japanese war and got parts of Manchuria while also annexing Korea.
3. Why was the Washington Naval Conference convened and what was accomplished? (pg. 6) (Note: Japan signs the agreement.)
The conference was convened because the united states believed that japans growth as a naval power in the pacific threatened the u.s interests. As a result, parties agreed to limit the size of naval ships, put a halt on building new battleships, outlaw the use of poisonous gas, and limit the use of submarines in the war.
4. The Senate's willingness to ratify the Kellogg-Briand Pact relected two strong and widely held sentiments. What were they? (pgs. 6 - 7)
the two sentiments were that Americans remember the carnage of WWI and wanted strongly to avoid being dragged into another European war. The other sentiment was that policy markers continued to resist the obligations of permanent alliances and wished to preserve the ability to act when and where they wanted to.
5. Why did Hitler enjoy popular support in Germany for most of the 1930s? Give three reasons. (pgs. 9 - 10)
1. He improved the economics situations
2. He reduced unemployment
3. He restored national pride for Germans still humiliated by defeat in WWI and how poor they were
6. Japan voiced its intentions to invade China for what two reasons? (pg. 10)
1. to obtain raw materials
2.increase japans power
7. Compare the Reichstag fire and the explosion on the Japanese railway in Manchuria. What did they accompllish?
The Reichstag fire was in the parliamentary building in Germans. Hitler blamed the fire on the communists who hitler said were planning to overthrow the gov and incite a civil war. The explosion on the Japanese railway in Manchuria was blamed upon the Chinese by the Japanese so the Japanese could invade. Both of the fires are alike because historians believe the fires were set on purpose. both these fires accomplished a blame on the communists and a excuse to invade.
8. Why was the united States unable to oppose Japan in the early 1930s with a significant military force? (pgs. 11 - 12)
The united states was unable to oppose Japan in the early 1930s with a significant military force because the u.s drastically reduced the size of the military from WWI and couldn't stand up to japan.
9. Describe the major similarities and differences among liberal democracy, fascism, and socialism. (pg. 8)
liberal democracy: think as both fascism and socialism
Fascism: no say over people
Socialism: people should ruse and for the ordinary people,
The Japanese reaction to the Treaty of Versailles was that they wanted to support the international system as means of obtain the natural resources and markets its growing economy needed. many feared that the League of nations would make japan a second power and the Japanese weer discriminated against.
2. Read the pull-out box on page 4 entitled, "Japan Becomes a Great Power." Cite specific evidence Japan was becoming a strong power that rivaled European & American interests. And, why specifically was Japan threatened by U.S. actions?
Japan was becoming a great power because their economy was growing rapidly, the military was growing rapidly too. Japan made a navy like Britain's, banks like the us and a army like Prussia's. Jap also beat Russia in the Russo-Japanese war and got parts of Manchuria while also annexing Korea.
3. Why was the Washington Naval Conference convened and what was accomplished? (pg. 6) (Note: Japan signs the agreement.)
The conference was convened because the united states believed that japans growth as a naval power in the pacific threatened the u.s interests. As a result, parties agreed to limit the size of naval ships, put a halt on building new battleships, outlaw the use of poisonous gas, and limit the use of submarines in the war.
4. The Senate's willingness to ratify the Kellogg-Briand Pact relected two strong and widely held sentiments. What were they? (pgs. 6 - 7)
the two sentiments were that Americans remember the carnage of WWI and wanted strongly to avoid being dragged into another European war. The other sentiment was that policy markers continued to resist the obligations of permanent alliances and wished to preserve the ability to act when and where they wanted to.
5. Why did Hitler enjoy popular support in Germany for most of the 1930s? Give three reasons. (pgs. 9 - 10)
1. He improved the economics situations
2. He reduced unemployment
3. He restored national pride for Germans still humiliated by defeat in WWI and how poor they were
6. Japan voiced its intentions to invade China for what two reasons? (pg. 10)
1. to obtain raw materials
2.increase japans power
7. Compare the Reichstag fire and the explosion on the Japanese railway in Manchuria. What did they accompllish?
The Reichstag fire was in the parliamentary building in Germans. Hitler blamed the fire on the communists who hitler said were planning to overthrow the gov and incite a civil war. The explosion on the Japanese railway in Manchuria was blamed upon the Chinese by the Japanese so the Japanese could invade. Both of the fires are alike because historians believe the fires were set on purpose. both these fires accomplished a blame on the communists and a excuse to invade.
8. Why was the united States unable to oppose Japan in the early 1930s with a significant military force? (pgs. 11 - 12)
The united states was unable to oppose Japan in the early 1930s with a significant military force because the u.s drastically reduced the size of the military from WWI and couldn't stand up to japan.
9. Describe the major similarities and differences among liberal democracy, fascism, and socialism. (pg. 8)
liberal democracy: think as both fascism and socialism
Fascism: no say over people
Socialism: people should ruse and for the ordinary people,
Sunday, February 7, 2010
New Deal Essy Outline
The United States government was somewhat successful when trying to solve the problems caused by the Great Depression. United States government tried to solve the problems caused by the Great Depression by closing banks, Agricultural adjustment administration(AAA) and social security act.
Closing banks-
-helped banks gain money back
-nobody could with drawl or deposit if there wasnt 5000 in the bank
-made people realize that them not spending money helped them and the banks
AAA-
-raised crop prices by lowering production
-got farmers jobs
-helped get money because government was paying the farmers
social security act-
-helped make retirement comfortable
-gave pension to the disabled
-money was from 1/2 workers and 1/2 employer
COUNTER-ARGUMENT(why the new deal was opposed)
-attempt to pack the supreme court
-1937 recession
-FDR starting to act like a dictator
United States government was somewhat sucessful to the to trying to solve the great deprssion problem. They tried many things and even though some didnt turn out the way they wanted them too the united state gov tried plenty of things to try and stop the great depression.
-talk about AAA
-social security
-closing banks.
^how i agree/disagree.
Closing banks-
-helped banks gain money back
-nobody could with drawl or deposit if there wasnt 5000 in the bank
-made people realize that them not spending money helped them and the banks
AAA-
-raised crop prices by lowering production
-got farmers jobs
-helped get money because government was paying the farmers
social security act-
-helped make retirement comfortable
-gave pension to the disabled
-money was from 1/2 workers and 1/2 employer
COUNTER-ARGUMENT(why the new deal was opposed)
-attempt to pack the supreme court
-1937 recession
-FDR starting to act like a dictator
United States government was somewhat sucessful to the to trying to solve the great deprssion problem. They tried many things and even though some didnt turn out the way they wanted them too the united state gov tried plenty of things to try and stop the great depression.
-talk about AAA
-social security
-closing banks.
^how i agree/disagree.
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