Sunday, May 30, 2010

United States v. Nixon

The Cover-up

1. Regardless of the outcome, should the President of the United States have a right to privacy in regards to the Oval Office tapes? Explain.
Yes, any president should have the right to the privacy in regards to the Oval Office tapes because usually what is said in the Oval Office is very important and might not want to be in the public until the president is ready to say what he is saying in the Oval Office. The president is like any other person and has the right to privacy. What is said in the oval office should be kept in there and he has the privacy of what is said in the oval office, and regarding everything. It shouldn't matter what is said because it is in the presidents hands and since he is the person to look up to in the united states, what he chooses to keep silent should be respected.

2. Was President Nixon justified when he fired special prosecutor Archibald Cox? Explain.
No, president nixon was not justified when he fired special prosecutor archibald cox because the main and only reason he fired him was because Cox turned to the supreme court to get the tapes when Nixon refused to hand them over. Nixon wanted to edit them first and Cox didnt agree. Nixon fired him so that he could keep the tapes which is not justified at all.


3. Was Nixon creating a Constitutional crisis by refusing to hand-over the tapes? Explain.
Yes Nixon was creating a constituional crisis by refusing to hand-over the tapes because he was being very sketchy about handing them over. Since before there was a robbery and the president was all over magazeins and in newspapers the public was very nervous and confused about what the truth was. When he said he didnt want to hand them in and he wanted to edit them or he would tell them what was all said, it made the public very sketched out about the president and how he was. The public also has a right to know what is happening in their country and the president was keeping them from knowing what was happening because it was like he was hiding the truth from them. This was creating a constitutional crisis because the public wanted to be included in and the president was hiding the tapes like he was behind the robbery or like he knew who had done it.


Closure

4. Why do you think the American public was so outraged by Watergate?
I think the american public was so outraged by watergate because the president of the united states was lying to them and he was keeping things from the public. The public wants to be included in the nation and the president was keeping it from everyone and they knew he was lying in a way because he had absolutely no hard evidence to support him. The public was outraged because they didnt understand what was happening and why the president was keeping things from them. They knew he was lying but they also had no hard evidence either.

5. Do you think President Nixon should have resigned? Explain.
I do not believe that president nixon should have resigned. Even though he was lying to the public and not being a good president not wanting to admit that he had done something bad and him not wanting to show the tapes he should have not resigned because before the watergate incident he was a excellent president and well liked by many many people because he won the elections by a landslide.


6. Do you think President Nixon should have been prosecuted? Explain.
I dont think that president nixon should have been prosecuted. He did do something very bad but he was trying to protect his country. The president has way more control about what happens to the country and so he was trying to protect his presidency and the people of the country.

Wednesday, May 26, 2010

Watergate: Nixon's Downfall

1. How were the "plumbers" connected to President Nixon?
They were connected to president Nixon because the thieves were hired by Nixon and they were to break into DNC. They urged the FBI to stop the investigation into the burglary on the grounds of national security. In addition to that the CRP payed the "plumbers" 450000 dollars to keep silent after September of 1972



2. Who was the judge? Why did he hand out maximum sentences?
John Sirca was the judge and he handed out maximum sentences because he believed that they thieves lied under oath.

3. How were Mitchell and Dean connected to Nixon?
They were connected because Nixon had dismissed the white house counsel John Dean and announced the resignations of Haldeman, Ehrlichman, and attorney General Richard Kleindienst who had recently replaced John Mitchel. People thought that Nixon was trying to cover up the burglary.

4. How were Haldeman and Erlichman connected to Nixon?
Because they both had announced their resignation from the white house which was seen as a cover up made by president Nixon.

5. What did the following men tell the Senate about Nixon?

a. Dean: Said that Nixon had been really involved in the cover up. he also said that he and nixon along with several advisers had discussed strategies for continuing the deceit.

b. Butterfield: Said that Nixon had taped virtually all of the conversations in the White house. The senate committee said that the tapes were the key to revealing what NNixon knew and when he knew.

6. Who was fired or forced to resign in the "massacre"?
Attorney General Richardson was told to fire Cox, but he refused and resigned. Then, the deputy attorney general refused the order of Nixon and he was fired. Finally, Cox was fired by Gerneral Robert Bork.

7. Why weren't investigators satisfied with the transcripts?
The investigators we rent satisfied with the transcripts because they wanted the unedited tapes and Nixon had sent out ones that were edited.

8. What did the tapes reveal?
The tapes revealed that President Nixon had known about the role of administrators in the burglary and that he approved the plan to distract or take the investigation away from the FBI

9. Why did Vice President Spiro Agnew resign?
Vice President Spiro Agnew resigned because he had accepted bribes from engineering firms while governor of Maryland

10. What did the House Judiciary Committee charge President Nixon with?
The house Judiciary Committee charged President Nixon with obstruction of justice, abuse of power, and contempt of congress for refusing to obey a congressional subpoena to release the tapes.

11. How did the Watergate scandal create a constitutional crisis?
The watergate scandal created a constitutional crisis because 25 members were convicted because they were just connected to watergate. Watergate also produced a "imperial" presidency.

Monday, May 24, 2010

women Fight for Equality

1. Experiences in the workplace
in 1950, only one out of three women worked for wages. In this time certain jobs were considered "men's work" and women were shut down. The jobs available to women-mostly clerical work, domestic service, retail sales, social work, teaching, and nursing- paid poorly.

2. Experiences in social activism
This led women to dicuss their concerns. These turned into "consciousness raising"


3. "Consciousness raising"
Women talked about what they experiences and realized they were not unique. They noticed a pattern in sexism. This created more problems because they realized how big the issue really was.

4. Feminism
The belief that women should have ecomonic, political, and social equality with men. Feminist beliefs had gained momentum during the mid 1800s and in 1920 won women the right to vote.

5. Betty Friedan and The Feminine Mystique
Betty Friedan was living the american dream, she had healthy children, a husband and a house in the suburbs. She wrote a book "The Feminine Mystique" in which she adressed the "Problem that has no name". This answered the questions for african americans, latinos, and native americans in the first for a greater cibil rights and equality in society.

6. Civil Rights Act of 1964
The civil rights act of 1964 had caused women to gain strength with the passage of the act, which prohibited discrimination based on race, religion, national origin, and gender.

7. National Organization for Women (NOW)
To pursue women's goals. Was created by Betty Friedan and other women. The founders of NOW declares, "to confront with concrete action the conditions which now prevent women from enjoing the equality of opportnity...which is their right as individual americans and as human beings."

8. Gloria Steinem and Ms. Magazine
She was a journalist, political activist, and ardent supporter of the women's liberation movement, made her voice heard on the subjects of feminism and equality. Her grandmother had serced as president of the ohio womans suffrage association. She had inherited her passion and conviction. She helped found the nation womens politcal caucus, a moderate group that encouraged women to seek political office. She and other women created a new womens magazine, Ms, designed to treat contemporary issues from feminst perspectives.

9. Congress
Passed a ban on gender discimination in "any education program or acticity receiving federal financial assistance" as part of the higher education act. As a result many all male colleges opened their doors to comen. Congress expanded the powers of the EEOC and gave women partents a tax breaj for child care expenses, in the same year.
10. Supreme Court

11. The Equal rights Amendment would have guaranteed equal rights under the law, regardless of gender. Who opposed this amendment? Why?
Congress introduces this in 1923, the ERA would guarantee that both men and women would enjoy the same rights and protections under the law. The amendement scared many people and a stop-era campaign was launches in 1972. Many anti feminists felt that the era would lead to "a parade of horribles," such as the drafting of women, the end of laws protecting homemakes, the end of husbands responsibilitys to provide for his family, and the same sex marriages.

Sunday, May 9, 2010

Why did the USA lose the Vietnam War?

Write an explanation AND cite a source which shows the importance of the following six factors:

1. US military tactics in Vietnam
The US military tactics in Vietnam was important in the war because there tactics were very different from the vietam tactics. the vietnam tactics were geruilla and the US tactics were more traditionally fighting. The united states had things like guns, tanks, and also alot of poisonis gases. The military fought unfairly though because the poison killed alot of inocent people. the US military could not get used to the geruilla warfar of the vietnam. "what kind of war was the vietnam war"

2. The unpopularity of the South Vietnamese regime
The unpopularity of South Vietnamese regime was another factor why the US lost the Vietnam war. The US had supported Diem. Diem was a extreme anti-communist who showed little to no respect to the Buddhist religion. Buddhist presists would protest and set themselves on fire. America still supported Diem. The unpopularity of the south vietnamese regime was the reason why the Viet Cong was formated. Source 33.


3. The experience of the Viet Cong and the inexperience of the American soldiers
The united states was used to regular fighting with guns. The viet Cong was used to geruilla warfar and fighting unfairly. The viet cong had tunnels and they were so used to there own land and the United States was not used to the Viet Cong land. Not knowing the land made the united states very inexperiences in fighting the Viet Cong because they were put into booby traps. The united states was very inexperiences also because the soldiers they had were very young and didnt know any better they to get into traps and get killed. "Viet Cong and Geruilla Tactics."

4. Domestic opposition to the war in the U.S.
During the Vietnam war the american public was not in favor of the united states being in Vietnam. Many people were opposed to war and many anti-war protests were formed. Pictures of children screaming and crying were leaked out to the united states. Also, the My lai Massacre was shown also. This shociked the american public and the united states public did not want the US soldiers in the war anymore. The loss of the support from american public made the united states army think about leaving vietnam and this made them lose the war. Source 42/50.

5. Chinese and Soviet support for the Viet Cong
The Chinese and Soviet supported the Viet cong. China and the soviet union supplied weapons to vietnam. This was very helpful to the viet cong. China did not want the united states to be in vietnam. The soviet union was also supporting the viet cong. They both wanted to spread communism and the united states didnt. The vietcong had more support then the united states did. The us had support from south vietnam but they did not do much. The united states did alot of the work when south vietnam sat back.

6. 'But did they really lose?' Summarize the argument put forward in Source 57, and your view on it.
In source 27 it is saying that the united states didnt really loose. The source is saying that the united states did a awesome job fighting and they didnt loose with military. The Tet 68 was a major turning point because alot of things went wrong then. The Source is making up excused saying that the united states was going against alot of things falling and they couldnt do anything about it. I do not agree with this source because i do believe that the united states did really loose. The united states played the war poorly and the Viet Cong did a much better job when fighting.

Wednesday, May 5, 2010

Vietnam War Opposition

You are an opponent of American involvement in Vietnam. Use the evidence in this chapter to begin formulating ideas to make a poster or a leaflet putting forward your views. You will work on this in class on Friday. You can include stories and images from pages 353-61. However, you must also include an explanation that will convince the supporters of containment that the policy is not working in Vietnam. OPTIONAL: Instead of opposing the war, you can support it. Feel free to make a COUNTER-ARGUMENT that the war is necessary to contain Communism.

1. Note all of the reasons why you feel the war in Vietnam is wrong.
I believe the Vietnam war is bad because we are trying to contain their government and communism. The united states is scared because there is communism in vietnam and they want to try and contain it by using war. The war is a media war and most of all americans can see what is happening in the war. The americans can see people burning themselves, people being shot, children being shot and things being blown up. The massacre in vietnam was also very wrong and it showed that the Vietname war was even more wrong to begin with. Many innocent people were murdered by careless and inexperiences young soldiers.

2. Note what you re trying to achieve with this poster. (e.g. to convince people to write to their Congressmen to get the troops out.)
With this poster i am trying to convince congress and the population of the US to get the troops out of vietnam.

3. List possible images for your poster. Think about: background (e.g. destroyed villages); the central image (e.g. picture of a young soldier); whether you will need words to explain your image.
Pictures of children, camps, geruilla warfar people, clothing, fire, guns, tunnels, us troops, vietnam troops, Ho chi minh, villages, mY lai massacre.

4. List some possible slogans for your poster.
-The young and the "innocent"
-Children in Vietnam
-Killings
-Childish

Tuesday, May 4, 2010

Vietnam War Turning Points

1. Why was the Tet Offensive a turning point? Explain your answer.
The Tet offensive was a considered a turning point in the war because the Viet Cong fighters attacked over 10-0 cities and other military targets. They tried to capture the US embassy in Saigon. They had the US and South Vietnamese force in Saigon for two days. In Many ways the Tet offensive was a disaster for the Communists. They hoped that the people of south Vietnamese would rise up and join them but they didn't. However, the Tet offensive proved to be a turning point in the war because it raised hard questions about the war in the USA. There were questions like why had the communists been able to launch a major offensive that took US forces by complete surprise. Ad there were many civilians killed and the ancient city of Hue was destroyed, was this right?



2. Are Sources 51 and 52 making the same point about the My Lai Massacre?
Source 51 was written Ronald Ridenhour and he is saying that it was a mistake that what happened at My Lai. He is basically sticking up for the soldiers saying that they had never been away from home before and they have never served before. he is saying that they were so excited that they were sticking up0 for there country and thought they were doing good. He is saying that they didn't mean to slaughter the villages, women and children.
Source 52 Is saying that they did the right thing by slaughtering these houses, children and mothers. They say it isn't bad because they were trying to destroy communism. They weren't there to kill men, they were there to kill intangible ideas.
These two sources have entirely different ideas.





3. Why do you think it took 12 months for
anyone to do anything about the massacre?
I think it took 12 months for anyone to do anything about the massacre because the soldiers and the US saw it as a good thing and were praised. But, 12 months later, a letter arrives in the offices of 30 leading politicians and government officials in Washington. It was written by Ronald Ridenhour, an American soldier who had served in Vietnam and personally new alot of the soldiers. He had evidence, he said, of "something rather dark and bloody:" that had occurred in my Lia. He recounted in detail all the storied he had been told about what had taken place and asked congress to investigate.




4. Why was the massacre so shocking to
the American public?
The massare was so shocking to the american public because they were aware of what was actually happening in vietnam. The war was a media war and the US could see everything that was happening. They could see people getting shot, burning themselves, children screaming for their lives. It was very shocking for them to see because they never got to before.

Sunday, May 2, 2010

The U.S. struggles against the Communist in Vietnam

Step 3: in each row of column 3, draw some scales to show which way the balance falls for this quality. Did the USA or the Viet Cong have the advantage?

1. Now think about the overall picture - how the strengths and weaknesses work together.

a) Were the armies finely balanced or was the balance strongly weighted to one side or the other?
Looking at the data and seeing the scales from one side to the other, the balance was even. Both sides were very strong and both had advantages and disadvantages.

b) Which quality was most important in determining who won the war? Was one feature so important that being ahead in that area meant that other advantages or disadvantages did not matter?
Good soldiers really helped them because most soldiers died because of inexperience and then either side didn't have strong soldiers. Also, effective statics helped them win the war because the bombs really helped but i do not believe that there was one feature that was so important that being ahead in the area meant that it was a advantage. Both had really good come backs and knew how to fix what had happened.

Stage 3: Explaining your conclusions
The failure of the U.S. army to beat the Communist in Vietnam was the result of its own weaknesses and Viet Cong strengths.

2. Now write up your answer. Use this structure:
a. The U.S. weaknesses were:The Search and Destroy tactics. This was their weakness because the US and Vietnamese Population had hatred. the bombing tactics did little to no damage to the communists. The soldiers for the US were walking into booby traps and were fearful. The US did kill some viet cong fighters but there were more problems that the US was doing. The fighters walking into booby traps, them killing Innocent people, destroy towns.

b. At the same time, the Communist strengths were: Their motivation to keep fighting and not giving up. After the US had bombed them they did not give or did they show that they wanted too.

c. The U.S. forces did have some successes. For example: The united states had good supplies and equipment. They had air crafts, bombs and very good soldiers. "Agent Orange", which is a spray that burns many things, got rid of alot of guerrilla fighters. This was good for the US because it was getting ride of them and the Viet Cong didn't have much of anything like it.

d. However, there were some major failures as well. Examples of these were: The My Lai Massacre. This was in March 1968 and a few young American soldiers called "charlie Company" started a search mission. They had been told that in My Lai there had been viet cong head quarters and 200 guerrillas. The solders were ordered to destroy House, dwellings, and live stock. They were under the impression that they were to kill everyone in the villages. Between 300-400 people were killed mostly women, children, and old men. There were no viet cong found.

e. The Viet Cong had some major successes, such as: The war being more of a "media war" fell in the favor of the Viet Cong. There had been horrible pictures and videos and it fell in their favor because many Americans were turning against the war and this was just making their minds more clear about the war being bad.

f. However, they also suffered defeats, for example: They did not have any support from other soldiers. the viet cong didn't have support from 10000 other experiences soldiers which really hurt them in the long run because they needed them.

g. If I had to identify one major American weakness, it would be [My Lai Massacre] because: This really showed that America was so obsessed with trying to find the viet cong and communists and they put all this effort in to just hurt innocent people. This really hurt them because they were doing very well and then the inexperience of other soldiers really showed that the US was a bit weak.

h. The key Viet Cong strength was [The Soldiers] because: These soldiers did not give up one bit. They were determined to try and fight the US and they were being slaughtered down but they did not give up. They were bombed, there families were killed and much other things and they had the courage to not let the US beat them down.